Dvm operations

1. What are DVM transactions?
2. What is distributed virtual memory?
3. What is the difference between shared memory and distributed memory?
4. What is OpenMP and MPI?
5. What is NUMA architecture?
6. What do you mean by parallel computing?
7. How does MPI work?
8. Is OpenMP faster than MPI?
9. What is MPI used for?
10. What is SMP and NUMA?
11. What is CCNUMA and Cray?
12. What is NUMA node CPU?
13. Who invented grid computing?
14. What is concurrency and parallelism?
15. What is the difference between distributed computing and parallel computing?

What are DVM transactions?

About DVM transactions

DVM transactions support the maintenance of a virtual memory system and are used to pass operations that cannot be conveyed using the normal coherency transactions. ... Components must either fully participate in the distributed virtual memory scheme or they must never participate.

What is distributed virtual memory?

This chapter describes Distributed Virtual Memory (DVM) transactions that pass operations to support the maintenance of a virtual memory system. It contains the following sections: About DVM transactions. Synchronization message.

What is the difference between shared memory and distributed memory?

Shared memory allows multiple processing elements to share the same location in memory (that is to see each others reads and writes) without any other special directives, while distributed memory requires explicit commands to transfer data from one processing element to another.

What is OpenMP and MPI?

• OpenMP (shared memory) – Parallel programming on a single node. • MPI (distributed memory) – Parallel computing running on multiple nodes.

What is NUMA architecture?

Non-uniform memory access (NUMA) is a kind of memory architecture that allows a processor faster access to contents of memory than other traditional techniques. In other words, in a NUMA architecture, a processor can access local memory much faster than non-local memory.

What do you mean by parallel computing?

Parallel computing is a type of computing architecture in which several processors simultaneously execute multiple, smaller calculations broken down from an overall larger, complex problem.

How does MPI work?

MPI assigns an integer to each process beginning with 0 for the parent process and incrementing each time a new process is created. A process ID is also called its "rank". MPI also provides routines that let the process determine its process ID, as well as the number of processes that are have been created.

Is OpenMP faster than MPI?

OpenMP: 2 threads on dual core: 12.79 seconds. openMP is 0.5% faster than MPI for this instance. The conclusion: openMP and MPI are virtually equally efficient in running threads with identical computational load.

What is MPI used for?

Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a communication protocol for parallel programming. MPI is specifically used to allow applications to run in parallel across a number of separate computers connected by a network.

What is SMP and NUMA?

NUMA is similar to SMP, in which multiple CPUs share a single memory. However, in SMP, all CPUs access a common memory at the same speed. In NUMA, memory on the same processor board as the CPU (local memory) is accessed faster than memory on other processor boards (shared memory), hence the "non-uniform" nomenclature.

What is CCNUMA and Cray?

Acronym. Definition. CCNUMA. Cache Coherent Non Uniform Memory Access.

What is NUMA node CPU?

NUMA Nodes are CPU/Memory couples. Typically, the CPU Socket and the closest memory banks built a NUMA Node. Whenever a CPU needs to access the memory of another NUMA node, it cannot access it directly but is required to access it through the CPU owning the memory.

Who invented grid computing?

The idea of grid computing was first established in the early 1990s by Carl Kesselman, Ian Foster and Steve Tuecke. They developed the Globus Toolkit standard, which included grids for data storage management, data processing and intensive computation management.

What is concurrency and parallelism?

Concurrency means multiple tasks which start, run, and complete in overlapping time periods, in no specific order. Parallelism is when multiple tasks OR several parts of a unique task literally run at the same time, e.g. on a multi-core processor.

What is the difference between distributed computing and parallel computing?

While both distributed computing and parallel systems are widely available these days, the main difference between these two is that a parallel computing system consists of multiple processors that communicate with each other using a shared memory, whereas a distributed computing system contains multiple processors ...